IPv6 & Linux - HowTo - Part 4

Additional Applications

Contents

• Electronic mail (SMTP & POP)
• Sendmail (now natively supported), see IPv6-Status/Application for details
• POP+IMAP+SMTP:  try courier-mail, see IPv6-Status/Application for details
• World Wide Web (HTTP)
• Server:
•  apache
•  thttpd
• Client
•  Mozilla
• Network autoconfiguration
•  Router ADVertisement Daemon
• Secure shell for protected connection over the Internet
•  SSH
• TCP Network throughput measurements
•  TTCP
•  PTCP

apache (HTTP server)

Why?

URLs:

• Homepage: http://www.apache.org/
• IPv6 enabling patch: ftp://ftp.kame.net/pub/kame/misc/
• Spec file for RPM building: ftp://ftp.bieringer.de/pub/linux/IPv6/apache/

Additional information:

• For apache2 testers: (current in beta state) compiles normally clean with native IPv6 support

By me tested version and filename:

• 1.3.14:
• SRPMS from Red Hat 6.2 Updates: apache-1.3.14-2.6.2.src.rpm
• KAME IPv6 enabling patch: apache-1.3.14-v6-20010115a.diff.gz
• By me created SPEC file for building new packages: apache+IPv6-RH6.2.spec
• Additional information: patch and configure options for EAPI are disabled because of interferences with the IPv6 enabling patch
• 1.3.19:
• SRPMS from Red Hat 7.1: apache-1.3.19-5.src.rpm
• KAME IPv6 enabling patch: apache-1.3.19-v6-20010309a.diff.gz
• By me created SPEC file for building new packages: apache-1.3.19+IPv6.spec
• Additional information: patch and configure options for EAPI and SSL are disabled because of interferences with the IPv6 enabling patch

Contents:

Rebuilding of packet, installation

• Install SRPMS (destination is normally /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/):
• rpm -ihv apache-version-release.src.rpm
• Copy the IPv6 enabling patch also to source directory:
• cp pathto/apache-version-v6-ipv6-release.diff.gz /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/
• Copy the new SPEC fileMove into the source directory:
• cd pathto/apache-specfile-version.spec /usr/src/redhat/SPECS/
• Rebuild package (good luck!)
• rpm -ba /usr/src/redhat/SPECS/apache-specfile-version.spec
• You should get 3 new packages afterwards (stored in /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/)
• apache-version-release+IPv6.i386.rpm
• apache-devel-version-release+IPv6.i386.rpm
• apache-manual-version-release+IPv6.i386.rpm
• Make a backup of your existing apache configuration
• tar czf /root/httpd-conf-`date +'%Y%m%d-%H%M%S'` /etc/httpd/conf/
• Install (be sure what to do):
• Replace existing package
• rpm -Fhv /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/apache-version-release+IPv6.i386.rpm
• Install on a native system
• rpm -ihv /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/apache-version-release+IPv6.i386.rpm
• Configure and restart the service (you should know how to do this...)

Configuration

config_log_module, agent_log_module, referer_log_module, mime_module, negotiation_module, includes_module, autoindex_module,  dir_module, alias_module, access_module, auth_module, setenvif_module

<VirtualHost 3ffe:400:100::1>
    ServerAdmin     webmaster@bieringer.de
    ServerName      www.ipv6.bieringer.de
    DocumentRoot    /somewhere/pub
    CustomLog       "/somewhere/logs/www.ipv6.bieringer.de-log"  combined
    ErrorLog        "/somewhere/logs/www.ipv6.bieringer.de-error"

    <Directory "/somewhere/pub">
        AllowOverride AuthConfig Limit
        Options None
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

thttpd (HTTP server)

Why?

URLs:

• Homepage: http://www.acme.com/software/thttpd/
• Online manpage: http://www.acme.com/software/thttpd/thttpd_man.html

By me tested version and filename:

Contents:

Unpacking, configuration and installation

• Move into the source directory:
• cd /usr/src
• Unpack the new source:
• tar xzf pathto/thttpd-version.tar.gz -C /usr/src
• Move into the source directory:
• cd /usr/src/thttpd-version
• Run configure
• ./configure
• Now compile:
• make clean; make

You should get no errors!
• And install:
• make installthis; make install-man

Manual and binary are copied (normally) to the directories in /usr/local

Hints:

• By specifying an IPv6 address for binding to (e.g. with option "-h"), thttpd will bind only to that and not to other IPv4 addresses. So you can setup an IPv6 only HTTP server!
• You cannot bind to an IPv6 only port, if this port is already bind by an IPv4 application with "bind option *"
• I got this in the case of a running IPv4 apache on the same host
• Solution: change apache binding to a dedicated IPv4 address
• old: Listen *:80
• new: Listen 192.168.1.1:80

mozilla (HTTP client/browser)

Why?

URLs:

• Homepage:  http://www.mozilla.org/

By me tested version and filename:

Contents:

Unpacking, configuration and installation

Similar to other software packages described here
Source package contains configure, therefore no special hints are needed.
See included INSTALL and README for details

Hint: for compiling this tarball, you need about 1.3 GByte disk space (and in my case don't run afterwards).

But don't be worry, the available binary tarball is already IPv6 enabled. Unpack the binary package somewhere and run "mozilla" in the binary directory.

1. Change to directory /opt
• cd /opt
2. Unpack tarball
• tar xzf pathto/mozilla-i686-pc-linux-gnu-version.tar.gz
3. Rename created directory
• mv package mozilla
4. Run mozilla
• cd /opt/mozilla; mozilla

Router ADVertisement Daemon

Why?

URLs:

• Main site: ftp://ftp.cityline.net/pub/systems/linux/network/ipv6/radvd/
• Additional Information at http://www.linuxhq.com/IPv6/radvd.html written by Lars Fenneberg <lf@elemental.net>
• Extended version: http://v6web.litech.org/radvd/

Version and filename of the packet:

Additional information:

• There is a known but still unsolved problem using 0.6.2 with a Linux kernel 2.2.x with an older USAGI-patch.
• Error message in syslog:

can't join ipv6-allrouters on eth0
syntax error in config file: /etc/radvd.conf
• Problem of USAGI-patch, should be fixed in latest release
• Other temporary solution:  use 0.5.0 instead or a kernel 2.2.x without USAGI patch (second should be for routers not critical)
• The version distributed with RH 7.1 powertools has a bug in the startup script:
• Fix:

-[ x${NETWORKING_IPV6} = "xyes" ] && exit 0
+[ x${NETWORKING_IPV6} = "xyes" ] || exit 0

Contents:

Package: Rebuilding and installation

1. Rebuild package
• rpm --rebuild your-path/radvd-version.src.rpm
2. Install package
• rpm -ihv /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/target/radvd-version.target.rpm

Tar-Ball: Unpacking, compilation and installation (last review on 0.5.0)

1. Move into the source directory, create a main directory and change into it
• cd /usr/src; mkdir radvd; cd radvd
2. Unpack the new source:
• tar xzf your-path/radvd-version.tar.gz -C /usr/src
3. Move into the source directory:
• cd /usr/src/radvd-version
4. Configure the compile options:
• ./configure --sysconfdir=/etc
5. Now compile:
• make clean; make

You should get no errors!
6. And install:
• make install

Manual and binary are copied to the subdirectories in /usr/local
7. Copy the radvd.conf sample into the config directory:
• cp radvd.conf.example /etc/radvd.conf
8. Install the startup script file, an example you can get here /etc/rc.d/init.d/radvd
• cp radvd /etc/rc.d/init.d/
9. Check given values in the startup script file /etc/rc.d/init.d/radvd
# Location of radvd binary
BINRADVD="/usr/local/sbin/radvd"
# Location of radvd config file
CONFRADVD="/etc/radvd.conf"
# Additional RADVD options (see manpage for more details=
OPTIONSRADVD=""                 # No additional option

General: Configuring and starting

1. Set proper values by editing the config file /etc/radvd.conf
2. Try starting
• /etc/rc.d/init.d/radvd start
3. If ok, take a look into the syslog (where radvd normally log events)
• tail -f /var/log/daemon or tail -f /var/log/messages (depending on the settings in your syslog config file /etc/syslog.conf)

Secure SHell (OpenSSH)

Why?

URLs

• Main site: http://www.openssh.com/
• RedHat RPM packages
• for 6.2 the OpenSSL as binary at ftp://ftp.redhat.com/redhat/updates/6.2/
• for 7.0: included in distribution

Additional information:

Version and filename of the packet:

Installation:

• Download RPM packages, remove existing ssh-RPMs (if already installed) and install openssl and openssh packages

Configuration:

1. For enabling option to bind on IPv6 port edit the configuration file: /etc/ssh/sshd_config
• #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
• ListenAddress ::
2. Add "-6" in startup script to enable IPv6: /etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd
• /usr/sbin/sshd -6 && success "sshd startup" || failure "sshd startup

Usage:

• Test, if sshd listen on IPv6 port:
[root@gate i386]# netstat -A inet6 -ln | grep 22
tcp        0     0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN
• Client using IPv6:
• ssh -6 ipv6address
• ssh -6 hostname.ipv6.domain.net
• Hint: don't worry, if you see no listening IPv4 port, an connect over IPv4 will work, too, client using IPv4:
• ssh ipv4address

Troubleshooting:

• Trouble: sshd is suddenly gone in the process list and you can no longer connect via SSH (and also, no LISTEN port is seen), this might be happen because the precompiled openssh-RPM is strange and perhaps not compiled with the latest kernel source (2.2.16)
• Solution: rebuild the SRPM openssh-2.1.1p4-1.src.rpm with
• rpm --rebuild package.src.rpm
• Builded binary packages are found after compiling at /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/

TTCP

Why?

Version and filename of the packet:

Contents:

Unpacking, configuration and installation

1. Move into the source directory, create a main directory and change into it
• cd /usr/src; mkdir ttcp; cd ttcp
2. Unpack the new source:
• tar xIf your-path/ttcp-version.tar.bz2
3. Move into the source directory:
• cd ttcp-version
4. Now compile:
• make clean; make

You should get no errors!
5. And install:
• make install

The binary is copied to the directory /usr/local/bin

Usage:

• Server: ttcp6 -r
• Client: ttcp6 -t HOSTNAME

PTCP

Why?

Version and filename of the packet:

Contents:

Unpacking, configuration and installation

1. Move into the source directory, create a main directory and change into it
• cd /usr/src; mkdir ptcp; cd ptcp
2. Unpack the new source:
• tar xIf your-path/ptcp-version.tar.bz2
3. Move into the source directory:
• cd ptcp-version
4. Now compile:
• make clean; make

You should get no errors!
5. And install:
• make install

The binary is copied to the directory /usr/local/bin

Usage:

• Server: ptcp6 -s
• Client: ptcp6 -c HOSTNAME